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Differential regulations of abscisic acid-induced desiccation tolerance and vegetative dormancy by group B3 Raf kinases in liverworts.

Jahan, A., et al. · 2022 · Frontiers in Plant Science   research

doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.952820   PMID:35968153   PMC9370073

Linked genes (14)  10 core 4 peripheral

Gene ID Name Evidence / Role Function (this paper)
Mp5g08310 MpB3-6 experimental subject Ortholog of Arabidopsis ABI3 (Mapoly0086s0035/Mp5g08310), a key regulator of ABA-triggered gemma dormancy. Its transcript was significantly reduced in Mpark1/2ge and Mpark1/3ge but only slightly in Mpark1ge, placing it downstream of B3-Rafs.
Mp2g22820 MpBZIP12 experimental subject Gene encoding an ABI5-like transcription factor; expression significantly reduced (-5.13-fold, FDR<0.05) in Mpark1/2ge but not Mpark1/3ge, potentially explaining the drastic loss of ABA-induced gene expression in that double mutant.
Mp8g15840 MpCTR1 experimental subject B3 Raf kinase (Mapoly0079s0028/Mp8g15840; EDR1 and kinase domains, no PAS) studied functionally. Mpark3ge single mutant retained gemma dormancy; in Mpark1/3ge double mutants ABA-induced LEAL expression was variably reduced.
Mp8g15630 MpCTR2 experimental subject B3 Raf kinase (Mapoly0079s0050/Mp8g15630; EDR1 and kinase domains, no PAS) studied functionally. Mpark2ge showed reduced sensitivity to 1 uM ABA but retained dormancy; co-disruption with MpARK1 strongly reduced ABA-induced gene expression and desiccation tolerance.
Mp8g16320 MpCTR3 experimental subject A group B3 Raf kinase (Mapoly0154s0032/Mp8g16320, 1294 aa, with PAS, EDR1 and kinase domains) functionally studied here as the principal positive regulator of ABA signaling. Mpark1ge mutants lost gemma dormancy (rhizoids germinated in gemma cups) and showed reduced ABA-induced LEAL/MpABI3 expression; effects were amplified in double mutants.
Mp6g02960 MpLEAL3 experimental subject LEA-like ABA-responsive gene (Mapoly0035s0082/Mp6g02960) quantified by qRT-PCR; ABA-induced expression greatly reduced in double mutants with variable reductions in single mutants.
Mp4g05760 MpLEAL5 experimental subject LEA-like ABA-responsive gene (Mapoly0087s0015/Mp4g05760) quantified by qRT-PCR; ABA-induced expression significantly reduced in Mpark1/2ge.
Mp5g05120 MpLEAL6 experimental subject LEA-like ABA-responsive gene (Mapoly0027s0114/Mp5g05120) quantified by qRT-PCR; ABA-induced expression severely reduced in Mpark1/2ge double mutant.
Mp5g15330 MpMAPKKK12 experimental subject Group B2 Raf gene (Mapoly0071s0076/Mp5g15330; PAS and kinase domains, no EDR1) tested functionally. Restored ABA-induced expression less effectively than MpB2Raf1; single and double mutants showed wild-type-like ABA response.
Mp7g02280 MpMAPKKK16 experimental subject Group B2 Raf gene (Mapoly0088s0059/Mp7g02280; PAS and kinase domains, no EDR1) tested functionally. Restored ABA-induced expression in P. patens with greater effect than MpB2Raf2, but Mpb2raf mutant ABA response resembled wild-type.
Mp4g09300 MpLEAL1 experimental comparator LEA-like ABA-responsive marker gene (Mapoly0112s0030/Mp4g09300) quantified by qRT-PCR; ABA-induced expression severely reduced in Mpark1/2ge, indicating B3-Raf-dependent regulation of dehydration-protective transcripts.
Mp8g17460 MpPYL1 experimental comparator Major PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA receptor; Mppyl1ge data compared to B3-Raf mutants. Most B3-Raf-regulated genes are under MpPYL1 control, but B3-Raf mutants showed stronger phenotypes than Mppyl1ge.
Mp3g23400 MpEF1 experimental tool Reference gene (Mapoly0024s0116/Mp3g23400), ABA-unaffected, used for normalization in qRT-PCR.
MpABI1 citation background MpABI1 encoding a PP2C-A negative regulator of ABA signaling, mentioned as part of the core ABA pathway.