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Thermospermine Is an Evolutionarily Ancestral Phytohormone Required for Organ Development and Stress Responses in Marchantia Polymorpha.

Furumoto, T., et al. · 2024 · Plant & Cell Physiology   research

doi:10.1093/pcp/pcae002   PMID:38179828   PMC11020214

Linked genes (11)  1 core 10 peripheral

Gene ID	Name	Evidence / Role	Function (this paper)
—	MpACL5 missing	experimental subject	Central gene of the study, encoding thermospermine synthase; M. polymorpha ACL5 rescues the dwarf acl5 mutant of Arabidopsis. Loss-of-function mutants were generated and analyzed, showing roles in organ development of thalli and reproductive organs, suppression of gametangiophore fasciation, and stress responses. Preferentially expressed in meristematic regions; characterized by mutant phenotyping, expression analysis, and complementation.
Mp5g09710	MpBHLH42	experimental comparator	Sole M. polymorpha homolog of Arabidopsis SAC51, examined as a potential thermospermine-responsive target. Its 5' leader showed no response to thermospermine in a reporter assay, indicating molecular mechanisms distinct from vascular plants.
Mp6g11010	MpACTIN7	experimental tool	Actin 7 gene used as an internal reference for RT-qPCR normalization; no functional investigation.
Mp3g23400	MpEF1	experimental tool	Elongation factor 1-alpha gene used as an internal reference for RT-qPCR normalization; no functional investigation.
Mp1g09210	missing	experimental background	Gene of unknown function showing markedly increased expression in Mpacl5 mutants (RNA-seq/RT-qPCR); reported as part of transcriptomic changes.
Mp5g07800	missing	experimental background	Putative fucosidase-like gene downregulated in Mpacl5 mutants (RNA-seq/RT-qPCR), part of the broader transcriptomic profile.
Mp7g06480	missing	experimental background	Small heat shock protein gene upregulated in Mpacl5 mutants by RNA-seq and RT-qPCR, cited as part of altered stress-response expression.
Mp7g07900	missing	experimental background	Small heat shock protein gene upregulated in Mpacl5 mutants (RNA-seq/RT-qPCR), reported alongside other stress-response transcript changes.
Mp8g16710	missing	experimental background	Gene of unknown function downregulated in Mpacl5 mutants (RNA-seq/RT-qPCR), reported as supporting expression data.
Mp2g07390	MpOMT8	experimental background	Caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase-like protein listed among genes downregulated in Mpacl5 mutants (RNA-seq/RT-qPCR), without further functional analysis.
—	MpTSPMS missing	citation background	Not mentioned in this paper as a distinct gene; thermospermine synthase is referred to exclusively as MpACL5. No grounding in this article.