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Divergent evolution of a thermospermine-dependent regulatory pathway in land plants.

Solé-Gil A, Sakai Y, Catarino B, Jones VAS, Youngstrom CE, Jordà-Segura J, Cheng CL, Dolan L, Ambrose BA, Ishizaki K, Blázquez MA, Agustí J. · 2025 · Developmental cell   research

doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2024.12.027   PMID:39793581

Linked genes (6)  5 core 1 peripheral

Gene ID Name Evidence / Role Function (this paper)
MpACL5 missing experimental subject Thermospermine synthase ACL5; MpACL5 controls dichotomous branching by regulating meristematic activity in M. polymorpha, defining a thermospermine-dependent regulatory pathway whose evolution diverged in land plants.
Mp1g12750 MpARF1 experimental subject Auxin response factor; in N. benthamiana agroinfiltration assays MpARF1 induces the proMpACL5::LUC reporter, linking auxin signaling to the thermospermine pathway.
Mp1g24140 MpC3HDZ experimental subject Class III HD-Zip; spatial expression profile complementary to MpACL5 and MpSACL, part of the thermospermine-linked regulatory module studied here.
Mp3g17930 MpRSL1 experimental subject RSL transcription factor; interacts with MpSACL to regulate gemma and rhizoid production.
MpSACL missing experimental subject SAC51-like bHLH; MpSACL acts downstream of thermospermine and interacts with MpRSL1 to regulate gemma and rhizoid production; spatial expression complementary to MpACL5/MpC3HDZ.
Mp7g02370 MpLHW experimental comparator LONESOME HIGHWAY-like bHLH tested for interaction; MpSACL interacts with MpRSL1 but NOT with MpLHW in nuclei of agroinfiltrated cells.